The right time: around 6 months
The World Health Organization recommends starting complementary foods at 6 months. Breastfeeding continues during this time. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the UK's NHS also point to around 6 months. Still, every baby develops at their own pace. So your baby's signals matter as much as the date.
Why not before 4 months?
Research has shown harms from starting complementary foods before 4 months. Starting around 6 months has generally shown no harm. Breast milk or infant formula meets your baby's energy and nutrient needs until this age. Waiting gives your baby time to learn how to move food around the mouth, chew and swallow. If your baby was born early, decide on the start time together with your doctor.
Signs your baby is ready
Your baby can sit upright in a high chair and hold their head steady. They look at food, bring it to their mouth with their hands and swallow it without pushing it out. They watch you eat, reach for your food and open their mouth when food comes near. These signs usually appear together around 6 months. Being able to sit up is also linked to the maturing of the digestive and immune systems.
Behaviors mistaken for readiness
Chewing on fists is not a sign of readiness on its own. Waking more often at night and wanting extra milk feeds are also often misread. These are normal baby behaviors. Starting solids will not make your baby sleep longer at night. If your baby seems hungrier, a little extra milk may be enough until they are ready.
What to expect at first
In the first spoonfuls, most of the food may end up on your baby's face and bib. If your baby pushes food out with their tongue, they may still be learning to swallow. This is normal. If your baby cries or turns away, do not force them. You can try again in a week or two.
If your baby was born early or you are unsure about the signs of readiness, talk to your child's doctor before starting solids.